" 2. There are many Turkish words in the Sumerian language and also in the ancient Masarian (MISIR, that is, the so-called ancient “Egypt”) language, which is dated to at least 5000 years ago. com utnapishtim pronunciation with translations, sentences, synonyms, meanings, antonyms, and more. “An” translates from the Sumerian language as “high one” and the name Anu eventually became synonymous with “god”. Pronunciation of Utnapishtims with 1 audio pronunciations. What does Utnapishtim teach Gilgamesh about immortality? Despite his hopes, Utnapishtim tells Gilgamesh the story of the flood. Letters enclosed in clay envelopes, as well as works of literature, such as the Epic of Gilgamesh have been found. Irony is the contrast between what we expect to happen and what actually happens. Utnapishtim เคยเล่าให้ Gilgamesh [] ฟังว่า. How would you describe Gilgamesh's attitude at the end of his trip? He is proud of his kingdom. Gilgamesh ties rock to himself and sinks into the water, retrieves the plant, cuts loose the rock, and returns to the land. 223. Utnapishtim was the great king of the world before the Flood and, with his wife, was the only mortal preserved by the gods during the Flood. A 'sar' is. Very difficult. Hear how to pronounce Utnapishtim. Last updated November 17, 2023. author unknown. 了解一下伊什塔尔“美索不达米亚神话中美、丰收与战斗的女神”. Record Utnapishtim. Definition and meaning can be found here:imprint left by a step; a footprint or track. After all the good humans and animals were on the cloud the rope was cut, so no bad creatures could survive the flood. Mula sa Wikipedia, ang malayang ensiklopedya. compute. Utnapishtim is a simple and devout man. He is a skilled warrior and builder, and suffers from an excessive lack of impulse control, taking whatever he wants and trampling anyone who gets. Meanings of "utnapishtim" in Turkish English Dictionary : 1 result(s) Category English Turkish; Mythology: 1: Mythology: utnapishtim n. Translation of "Utnapishtim" into English . Balih, son of Etana, ruled for 400 years. 5. But one man, Utnapishtim, received instructions in a dream from the god Ea, saying to build an enormous boat. Listen to the audio pronunciation in several English accents. Rate the pronunciation difficulty of Rapum. favorite of the gods and grandfather of Gilgamish; survived the great flood and became immortal. His disdain for Gilgamesh’s desperate quest for eternal life might seem. Just like Noah, Utnapishtim is the survivor of the Deluge. 0. Utnapishtim noun. It may be a term applied to a pantheon of the gods of the heavens and the underworld, or the term may be used to refer to the underworld gods only, or it may refer specifically to seven underworld judges, among. When using the word in a sentence, you can highlight his unique position. See utnapishtim meaning in Hindi, utnapishtim definition, translation and meaning of utnapishtim in Hindi. Definitions of Utnapishtim. While the story itself concerns a flood of universal proportions (even scaring the gods who unleashed it) most scholars recognize that it was probably inspired by a local event: flooding caused by the Tigris and Euphrates rivers overflowing their. 5 Pages. Just like Noah, Utnapishtim is the survivor of the Deluge. But while Gilgamesh sat there resting on his haunches, a mist of sleep like soft. . Comparing Noah's Ark and Gilgamesh. Gilgamesh. Enlil, later known as Elil, is an ancient Mesopotamian god associated with wind, air, earth, and storms. The roles of Noah and Utnapishtim in the Flood Myths are quite similar. ə /) appears as the last of the Antediluvian patriarchs in the traditions of Abrahamic religions. US English. Her name means Lady Wild Cow. 428 Words2 Pages. Define Utnapishtim. utmost - WordReference English dictionary, questions, discussion and forums. [2] Wisdom literature, intended to teach proper piety, inculcate virtue, and preserve community standards, was common throughout the ancient Near East. location of Mesopotamia. 1. Easy. เทพอุตนาพิชทิม is the translation of "Utnapishtim" into Thai. . Cuneiform is one of the oldest forms of writing known. What does utnapishtim mean? Information and translations of utnapishtim in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. The Atrahasis is the Akkadian/Babylonian epic of the Great Flood sent by the gods to destroy human life. The myth. These stories contain situations of betrayal. This is a satire channel. Utnapishtim synonyms, Utnapishtim pronunciation, Utnapishtim translation, English dictionary definition of Utnapishtim. About: Utnapishtim. 5832. v. So in short, yes it is possible that all these traditions are re-tellings of the same story based on memories of a particular historical event and a particular Flood hero, whatever name you may give him. Moderate. zigmund I had have an afternoon tea with champagne. Very difficult. e. Very difficult. Utnapishtim atau Utanapishtim ( bahasa Akkadia: 𒌓𒍣) adalah seorang tokoh dari mitologi Mesopotamia dalam Epos. Very easy. . 2100 BC). He was possibly a historical king of the Sumerian. favorite of the gods and. Ut-napishtim is a legendary king of Shuruppak in southern Iraq, who survived the Flood by making a boat. All Free. Look through examples of Utnapishtim translation in sentences, listen to pronunciation and learn grammar. 狮子是伊什塔尔女神的象征动物. Gilgamesh. In the mythology of the ancient Near East, Utnapishtim was the heroic survivor of a great flood. Mount Nisir. HowToPronounce. Victoria. utilize - WordReference English dictionary, questions, discussion and forums. The boat Utnapishtim was directed to build was a rectangle shaped measuring one. But what does that have to do with the Bible's account of Noah and the flood? If we compare the differences between the Bible's flood story and the other cultures' flood stories, then we. see more. Learn the definition of 'Útnapíshtim'. Noah’s god being the one and only God, compared to Utnapishtim who also prays, but has more than one god to talk to. When he takes Gilgamesh as a passenger, he loses this privilege and must return to Uruk with him. The flood in Gilgamesh lasts seven days and seven nights. ; Ace's party reaches the extinct volcano where Utnapishtim is said to live. All Free. The Epic of Gilgamesh was written c. WordNet Lexical Database for English. 2150-1400 BCE) the great Babylonian poem that predates Homer 's Iliad and Odyssey by 1500 years and, therefore, stands as the oldest piece of epic world literature. Record the pronunciation of this word in your own voice and play it to listen to how you have pronounced it. Prologue Quotes. In Genesis, the survivors are Noah and his family. Dictionary Collections Quiz. for Advanced Composition, East TN State U, December 2011. Utnapishtim argues that the same death is allotted to all human. utnapishtim ka bengali mein matalab, arth aur prayog. Look through examples of Utnapishtim translation in sentences, listen to pronunciation and learn grammar. Pronounce Utnapishtim in English. utilizing - WordReference English dictionary, questions, discussion and forums. Anu is sometimes referred to as “An”. Why is Utnapishtim able to tell about the flood? This is in the Epic of Gilgamesh which has a flood story that is similar to the Noahic Flood in Genesis. When the gods created Gilgamesh they gave him a perfect body. noun. How to say Utnapishtims in English? Pronunciation of Utnapishtims with 1 audio pronunciation and more for Utnapishtims. The flood in both stories destroys most of mankind. Atab ruled for 600 years. The bottom region of the foot; the sole. Utnapishtim apparently overheard the gods. The gods punish his prideful behavior by killing his greatest ally Enkidu. Learn how to say Utnapishtim with EmmaSaying free pronunciation tutorials. Enkidu. Pronounce Utnapishtim in English. Ping response time 9ms Excellent ping Domain provide by not available. 241. took pity on Utnapishtim. wants to become immortal and he heard Utnapishtim pulled it off so he goes on a long journey to find him. They can go 99. who wrote gilgamesh. Sample translated sentence: Sedan farkosten strandat på berget Nisir, släppte Utnapishtim ut en duva, som återvände till skeppet när den inte kunde finna någon viloplats. 0, Farlex clipart. Browse the use examples 'Útnapíshtim' in the great Icelandic corpus. . anyway,i do not like tea. Utnapishtìm In the mythology of the ancient Near East, Utnapishtim was the heroic survivor of a great flood. The Epic of Gilgamesh is an ancient Sumerian and Akkadian epic poem about the eponymous hero, Gilgamesh. For the Sumerian flood myth we have an Akkadian drinking song (Emar 767) which links the two by specifying Gilgamesh as going after the eternal life of “Ziusudra” (the Sumerian story protagonist) v. Advertisement. Essay about The Flood of Noah and Gilgamesh. 130. He built a great boat (to survive the flood) that carried him, his family, and one of every living animal; because of his great deed the gods granted him the gift of immortality. Siya ay inatasan ng diyos na si Enki (Ea) na lumikha ng isang higanteng barko na tatawaging Tagapangalaga ng Buhay bilang paghahanda sa isang higanteng baha na lilipol sa lahat ng buhay. ( figurative) A move, action or direction (towards an objective). Translation of "Utnapishtim" into Swedish . Difficult. Very easy. utnapishtim. Pronunciation of utnapishtim One chapter of Final Episode also references it: Nisir's Summit is where the ark landed after the flood. Learn how to pronounce Utnapishtim, the favorite of the gods and grandfather of Gilgamish, with 3 audio pronunciations and phonetic spelling. Pronunciation of Utnapishtim with 1 audio pronunciation and more for Utnapishtim. This is a satire channel. Etana, the shepherd, who ascended to heaven and put all countries in order, became king; he ruled for 1,500 years. All Free. The Epic of Gilgamesh came before the Bible though. It contains both a creation myth, explaining how the gods created humankind and an early flood account which was later incorporated into the Epic of Gilgamesh and is also thought to have influenced the biblical flood story. How does Utnapishtim get immortality? According to the Epic of Gilgamesh, Utnapishtim was the only man to escape death and receive immortality from the gods (his wife was also granted immortality). Two-thirds god and one-third mortal, Gilgamesh is undone by. Malayalam (/ˌmæləˈjɑːləm/; Malayalam: മലയാളം, Malayāḷam ?, [mɐlɐjäːɭɐm] (About this soundlisten)) is a Dravidian language spoken in. . Pronunciation of Utnapishtim with 1 audio pronunciation and more for Utnapishtim. Why does Utnapishtim's wife do something each day Gilgamesh sleeps? It steals the youth-restoring plant; eats the life-giving plant. 0 rating. Por supuesto ella se enfadó mucho, y con ella, el resto de los dioses, quienes quisieron eliminar a Gilgamesh. Utnapishtim was the only man to escape death, since, having preserved human and animal life in the great boat he built, he and his wife were deified by the god Enlil. Utna. Definition and meaning can be found here:The imprint left by a step; a footprint or track. Utnapishtim promised to do what Ea commanded. Menachem Amir [en] Akaashi Keiji [en] Last updated November 08, 2023. A Scrabble Dictionary, Scrabble Word Finder & Scrabble Cheat to help you with many word based games and apps. Both Utnapishtim and Noah send out birds to scope out the renewed world. Here are all the possible pronunciations of the word Atrahasis. Utnapishtim ka hindi mein matalab, arth. S. How to say Assur in English? Pronunciation of Assur with 3 audio pronunciations, 5 synonyms, 1 meaning, 5 translations, 5 sentences and more for Assur. Dilmun, sometimes described as “the place where the sun rises” and “the Land of the Living”, is the scene of some versions of the Sumerian creation myth, and the place. Patrizia 6 out of 9. The name may mean "Mount of Salvation". Moderate. Pronunciation, synonyms, antonyms, sentence usage and definition of utnapishtim . Birds were sent to indicate if the flood had dissipated. To get the sympathy and attention of the gods, Utnapishtim tells Gilgamesh that he must stay awake for six days and seven nights. Excavations there in the first half of the 20th century uncovered three levels of habitation extending in time from the late prehistoric period to the 3rd dynasty of Ur (c. Utnapishtim synonyms, Utnapishtim pronunciation, Utnapishtim translation, English dictionary definition of Utnapishtim. Good Essays. The god Ea addresses him (through the barrier of the wall), telling him about the decision of the gods to bring on a flood and advising him to build a ship. E. Anu was known as the father of the 50 great gods, and ruler of the stars and the spirits. Rate the pronunciation struggling of Utnapishtim. (1 Vote) Very easy. . Utnapishtim परिभाषा: the favorite of the gods , who survived the great flood and became immortal | अर्थ, उच्चारण, अनुवाद और उदाहरणNoah Vs. Utanapishtim shows some more of his malicious cleverness when he gets his wife to bake a loaf of bread for every day that Gilgamesh remains unconscious—just so he can point to all the loaves when Gilgamesh wakes up and prove that he failed the test. Stejně jako Noe, Utnapištim soustředil veškeré druhy zvířat v očekávání potopy. 1 /5. . These floods are a symbol. How you can improve your pronunciation of ‘Utnapishtim’. He had been commanded by a protecting god to build an ark, in which he rode out the disaster, afterward re-creating man and living things upon the earth, and was himself endowed with eternal life. c. Rabisu. Utnapishtim discovered the secret through a dream and Ea speaking to a wall, while Noah was chosen by God to lead the ark. Both were tasked by the Gods to build a boat or ark as a shelter for living beings. Princeton University. Utnapishtim. In the Bible, the humanity is eradicated because the Gods think that the wickedness of man is great on earth and it is written around 1440-1400 BCE. U t-napishtim or Uta-na’ishtim, Atra-Hasis, Ziusudra, Xisuthros. How to say Assur in English? Pronunciation of Assur with 3 audio pronunciations, 5 synonyms, 1 meaning, 5 translations, 5 sentences and more for Assur. As mentioned above, Utnapishtim's ship is not enough to be considered a space battleship, but it is a quantum computer with a computing power of about 10,000 times that of the fortress city of Eridu, which made it possible to calculate the future predictions of Toki's commander, Avi Eshkh . ; The Doctor believes there is more to the legend of Utnapishtim. Very difficult. Dilmun, sometimes described as “the place where the sun rises” and “the Land of the Living”, is the scene of some versions of the Sumerian creation myth, and the place where the deified Sumerian hero of the flood, Utnapishtim (Ziusudra), was taken by the gods to live forever. Utnapishtim (and others)try to talk him out of it. Listen to the audio pronunciation in several English accents. Sample translated sentence: After the vessel grounded on Mount Nisir, Utnapishtim released a dove that returned to the boat when it could not find a resting-place. How to say Nabopolassar in English? Pronunciation of Nabopolassar with 4 audio pronunciations, 1 meaning, 2 translations, 2 sentences and more for Nabopolassar. Noah and Utnapishtim pray toward their god. He is subsequently recorded as the hero of the Sumerian flood epic. After all of Gilgamesh's travels and experienes, he finally finds the source of eternal youth, only to have it stolen from him by a serpent. translation of Mesopotamia. Shamash the glorious sun endowed him with beauty, Adad the god of the storm endowed him with courage, the great gods made his beauty perfect, surpassing all others, terrifying like a great wild bull. Learn how to pronounce Utnapishtim, the favorite of the gods and grandfather of Gilgamish, with 3 audio pronunciations and phonetic spelling. utilize - WordReference English dictionary, questions, discussion and forums. org dictionary, synonyms and antonyms. land between rivers. His story, told in the Babylonian epic Gilgamesh, is similar to the biblical account of Noah and the Ark. Dictionary Collections. Moderate. Playlists. Utnapishtim. 1 rating. Long before the time of Gilgamesh, Utnapishtim ruled as the king and high priest of the city of Shuruppak. 0 rating. . Gilgamesh returns home acknowledging that he mustn't live forever and should enjoy his life for what it is. ago. In this epic, Gilgamesh, the king of the city of Uruk, goes on a quest to find immortality. The term Anunnaki (alternate spellings: Anunnaku, Anunna, Anuna) is applied inconsistently, and the meaning appears to shift over time. . In the Babylonian story, some of the gods decided to send a flood to destroy humanity. Arwi'um, son of Mašda, ruled for 720 years. All Free. Foreword: I, as the writer of this analysis, declare myself a Christian. Utnapishtim leads a lazy, unheroic life. Utnapishtim is the translation of "utnapishtim" into Indonesian. Look through examples of Utnapishtim translation in sentences, listen to pronunciation and learn grammar. Utnapishtim instructs his wife to bake a loaf of bread for every day he is asleep so that Gilgamesh cannot deny his failure. Gilgamesh is one part man, two parts god. Atab ruled for 600 years. For Atrahasis there’s almost word-for-word parallelism as Enki speaks to the wall and Atrahasis/Utnapishtim overhear him. The gods punish Gilgamesh and Enkidu by giving Enkidu a slow, painful, inglorious death for killing the demon Humbaba and the Bull of Heaven. 166 ratings. Look through examples of Utnapishtim translation in sentences, listen to pronunciation and learn grammar. US English. 151. A superior deity, Enlil is not very fond of humankind. Utnapishtim, is talking to Gilgamesh about living in the city of Shuruppak on the banks of the Euphrates. It's also hard to pronounce so it gets abbreviated. . favorite of the gods and grandfather of Gilgamish; survived the great flood and became immortal . US English. How to say Nineveh in English? Pronunciation of Nineveh with 8 audio pronunciations, 3 synonyms, 1 meaning, 14 translations, 15 sentences and more for Nineveh. ”. By this he condemned the world and became an heir of the righteousness that comes by faith. Rate the pronunciation difficulty of Utnapishtim. Record the pronunciation of this word in your own voice and play it to listen to how you have pronounced it. 伊什塔尔 （DIŠTAR 𒀭𒌋𒁯；Ishtar，又译作 伊丝塔、伊西塔 ）是美索不达米亚宗教所崇奉的女神，亦即是苏美尔人的女神伊南娜和闪米特人的女神阿斯塔蒂。. Apps. Utnapishtim tell him of an underwater plant which would grant its consumer immortality. Dilmun, sometimes described as “the place where the sun rises” and “the Land of the Living”, is the scene of some versions of the Sumerian creation myth, and the place where the deified Sumerian hero of the flood, Utnapishtim (Ziusudra), was taken by the gods to live forever. Ea. Utnapishtim - Meaning in Hindi. In the earlier story found in the Gilgamesh epic, the polytheistic context allows one to make sense of the story - some gods want to wipe out the noisy humans, but one that. In the epic of Gilgamesh the gods decided to destroy mankind by flooding earth for six days and nights. How to pronounce the word Utnapishtim. Como dizer Utnapishtim em Latina? Pronúncia de Utnapishtim 1 pronúncia em áudio, e mais, para Utnapishtim. ( figurative) A move, action or direction (towards an objective). Utnapishtim described the horrible flood to Gilgamesh in these words: “For six days and six nights the winds blew, torrent and tempest and flood overwhelmed the world, tempest and flood raged. King of Uruk, the strongest of men, and the personification of all human virtues. Here are 4 tips that should help you perfect your pronunciation of ‘ Utnapishtim ‘: Break down ‘Utnapishtim’ into. How to say nippur in English? Pronunciation of nippur with 3 audio pronunciations, 4 translations, 1 sentence and more for nippur. How to say NAME. What is utnapishtim meaning in Hindi? The word or phrase utnapishtim refers to favorite of the gods and grandfather of Gilgamish; survived the great flood and became immortal. Etana, the shepherd, who ascended to heaven and put all countries in order, became king; he ruled for 1,500 years. Utnapishtim is the chosen one in the epic of Gilgamesh. Utnapishtim. utnapishtim pronunciation with translations,. Very easy. ↔. The Ubaid material culture, including ceramic decorative styles. Turkish Pronunciation: Welsh Pronunciation: Ukrainian Pronunciation: Have a better pronunciation ? Upload it here to share it with the entire community. Sturmgewehr90 • • 3 mo. ago. There are several differences regarding the two flood myths, but the general idea behind the two remains consistent. The Ubaid (pronounced ooh-bayed), sometimes spelled 'Ubaid and referred to as Ubaidian to keep it separate from the type site of el Ubaid, refers to a time period and a material culture exhibited in Mesopotamia and adjacent areas which predate the rise of the great urban cities. He is surprised that Utnapishtim appears as just another man, whereas Gilgamesh had expected to face a terrible demon. 1. She is a sacred prostitute who plays a significant role in bringing the wild man Enkidu into contact. Record the pronunciation of this word in your own voice and play it to listen to how you have pronounced it. Very difficult. Dear Aslam Rasoolpuri, In this Part-2, I show that the Sumerian was most likely a dialect of Turkish – if not the same. ( figurative) The remains left by an injury or disease. . Development occurs at a smooth, constant rate throughout childhood and early adolescence; it begins to slow down in the high school years. The story of Utnapishtim is found in the Epic of Gilgamesh. UTNAPISHTIM Definition: the favorite of the gods , who survived the great flood and became immortal | Bedeutung, Aussprache, Übersetzungen und Beispiele. Record the pronunciation of this word in your own voice and play it to listen to how you have pronounced it. Summary. Wort des Tages: 'asseverate' NEU von Collins! Collins! Einfache englische Grammatik lernen. ( rare) The ground; a foothold or stepping-place. Because the flood hero Utnapishtim receives immortality from the gods, fitting the epic's theme of. Listen to the audio pronunciation in the Cambridge English Dictionary. Can you pronounce this word better. Pronunciation of godin tepe with 1 audio pronunciations. The Biblical story of the flood and Utnapishtim’s version of the flood are similar and different in several ways. Below I will be listing the similarities and the differences of these books. But now I see. 2150-1400 BCE). God of earth, wind, and air. When the gods had decided to destroy humanity with a flood, the god Enki (Akkadian Ea), who did not agree with the decree, revealed it to Ziusudra, a man well known for his humility and obedience. In the epic of Gilgamesh, the flood lasted 6 days and nights. As if to demonstrate this point, Utnapishtim. Utnapishtim’s wife feels sympathy for Gilgamesh, giving his another test in return for ever lasting life. Utnapishtim Character Analysis. Moderate. Gilgamesh is the semi-mythic King of Uruk best known from The Epic of Gilgamesh (written c. 1 Probably the dwelling of Utnapishtim. Learn how to say words in English, Spanish, and many other languages with Trevor Clinger and his pronunciation tutorials! In the world of words and all of t. Ark Ship = เรืออาร์ค. 75K subscribers This is a satire channel. Before Gilgamesh leaves, Utnapishtim ends up giving him the solution to eternal life, which is a magic plant that grows at the bottom of the waters of death. ca-central-1. 2004–1763 B. Its been a long time, I need to read Gilgamesh again, but Utnapishtim put all his family and the towns boatbuilders and trades ppl and craft ppl and their families on boat. Como dizem Utnapishtim Inglês? Pronúncia de Utnapishtim 3 pronúncias em áudio, 1 sinônimo, 2 significados, 3 traduções, e mais, para Utnapishtim. Check out the pronunciation, synonyms and grammar. Learn the proper pronunciation of "ziusudra" Visit us at: to learn more!Noah and Utnapishtim were looked upon as righteous individuals. How many syllables in Utnapishtim? 7 4 9 5 3 8 2 6 1 syllables. His disdain for Gilgamesh’s desperate quest for eternal life might seem ungenerous, since he himself is immortal, but Utnapishtim must carry a heavy load of survivor’s guilt. Moderate. favorite of the gods and grandfather of Gilgamish; survived the great flood and became immortal. Noah in turnGilgamesh demands of Utnapishtim in what way their two situations differ and Utnapishtim tells him the story of how he survived the great flood. Their dog, Fwawa, led them to Usumgallu, who was just a baby with Usumgallu's name etched on wood in the language of the East. Sample translated sentence: Dilmun, sometimes described as “the place where the sun rises” and “the Land of the Living”, is the scene of some versions of the. As for you, Gilgamesh, let your belly be full, Make merry day and night. The Instructions of Shuruppak (or, Instructions of Šuruppak [1] son of Ubara-tutu) are a significant example of Sumerian wisdom literature. Gilgamesh is: You will never find that life for which you are looking for. Similarities include a god warns an individual about a flood and orders the individual to build a boat to escape the flood, pairs of each species are loaded into the boat, the flood kills every living thing that did not get on the boat, the use of birds. Utnapishtim was also told to save himself and his family. He is also mentioned in other ancient literature, including The Death of Gilgamesh and The Poem of Early Rulers. It's also hard to pronounce so it gets abbreviated. Hacia el año 2750 ane. US. Choose your preferred accent and listen to the. How to Pronounce utnapishtim with Meaning, Phonetic, Synonyms and Sentence Examples Doodle Catalog 11K subscribers Subscribe 3 546 views 5 years ago This video shows pronunciation of. Once the waters receded, Utnapishtim made a sacrifice to the gods and then released the animals back into nature to repopulate the earth. Utnapishtim - favorite. It should actually pronounce it an Arch, meaning power and electricity. Le sue gesta sono narrate nell'Epopea di Gilgamesh . xutnapishtim - Meaning in Bengali. God chooses Noah to build an ark and store seven pairs of every clean animal and two of every other kind of animal on it. Ziusudra (also Zi-ud-sura and Zin-Suddu; Hellenized Xisuthros: "found long life" or "life of long days") of Shuruppak is listed in the WB-62 Sumerian king list recension as the last king of Sumer prior to the deluge. The Adaptations and Similarities between Noah’s Ark and The Epic of Gilgamesh.